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Enhancing The Acceptability Of The 2022 Population And Housing Census Through Publicity And Advocacy
By Stanley O. Nwosu
“Next to doing the right thing, the most important thing is to let the people know you are doing the right thing” John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937).
This statement by American business magnate and philanthropist aptly captures the significant role of communication not only in public service but in every aspect of human endeavor. Human relation is a very complex phenomenon in which even the simplest of action is subject to several and sometimes negative interpretations due to inadequate or lack of information or distortion of the essence and rationale for such action. Most often, the ways a particular action is perceived, is coloured by prejudices, level of comprehension and self-interest of affected persons. The role of communication therefore is to set the records straight, tell the true story and bridge the gap between the facts and perception. Indeed, a seemingly bad decision may be better tolerated if it is properly communicated and its essence explained than supposedly good decision that is shrouded in secrecy. Therefore, publicity and advocacy are veritable tools to educate and sensitize the public about the conduct of the 2022 Population and Housing Census as well as cultivate public ownership of the exercise which enhance the acceptability of the census data. The significance of publicity and advocacy in the successful implementation of census activities cannot be over emphasized. There is the compelling need to create a conducive atmosphere, dissolve apathy, remove bias, cultivate public ownership and secure the cooperation of stakeholders and development partners for the next census.
Census is a people-oriented exercise that requires popular participation to enhance its credibility, reliability and acceptability by all. For the people to participate, they must be properly informed about the essence, rationale, methodology and outcomes of census data. It is in this regard that effective publicity and advocacy campaign becomes important to achieving a credible and reliable 2022 census. This even becomes more important in view of the misconception and misrepresentation surrounding past censuses leading to mutual acrimony and tension over the processes and outcomes of the exercises. Unfortunately, every population census conducted both before and after independence has ended in national controversy, strong allegation of population falsification leading to lack of general consensus among the populace on the size of the total population of Nigeria. While Nigerian government accepted the results of most of the past censuses conducted since independence, some Nigerians have not totally accepted some of the past censuses. The 1962 census results were rejected by some regional authorities leading to recount in 1963 which figures were similarly contested up to the Supreme Court that later ruled that it lacked jurisdiction to jettison the figures and so it remained the official figure thereon. In 1973 another census was conducted but the results were so controversial that they were not published at all on the grounds of allegation of deliberate falsification of the census figures for political and ethnic advantages. The 1991 and 2006 censuses generated misgivings in certain quarters though the results were accepted by the Federal Government.
A census exercise can be accurate but unacceptable. So, the acceptability of a census result is very important. How to make the 2022 Population and Housing Census credible, reliable and acceptable by Nigerian government, Nigerians and international development partners is of major concern to the National Population Commission and strategic publicity and advocacy implementation plan is being deployed to make this possible. Winning back the confidence of Nigerians in the census process is one major task before the Commission. This will involve advocacy visits to the strategic stakeholders to galvanize support for grassroot mobilization and massive public enlightenment on the primary and fundamental purpose of census taking. It is gratifying to note that the Commission has started cultivating public ownership of this forthcoming census at every stage of the exercise to make Nigerians to understand that it is a Nigerian project that will provide demographic data for development planning.
The Commission has set out publicity and advocacy tools to correct misconceptions some Nigerians have about census. Some Nigerians still view census as a mere head count of the country’s population to determine figures for political representation and revenue sharing formula leaving out the basic essence of census data which is for development planning hence why past censuses ended in controversy. Lack of public awareness, negative criticism, apathy, public resistance and misrepresentation of facts encountered in the conduct of the Enumeration Area Demarcation (EAD), 1st and 2nd Census pre-test exercises across the States of the Federation and FCT which are the preparatory activities for the main census alluded to the fact that aggressive publicity and advocacy campaign should be done to make the next census acceptable and reliable. Some Nigerians were not aware of these preparatory activities and refused to cooperate with the field functionaries, others erroneously assumed these preparatory exercises to be the main census. The challenges affected smooth conduct of the exercises in some places. Regrettably, some stakeholders have also called for postponement of the next census on the basis of insecurity that has displaced many people from their homes and for paucity of funds. The misconception, negative reception and scathing criticism that greeted the census preparatory activities could have been avoided, if the populace were properly sensitized and educated on the essence, process and methodology of a census exercise. These criticisms, if not countered are capable of neutralizing the goodwill and support the Commission hopes to drive from the Government, Nigerians and Global world in preparation for the next census.
These challenges have made the Commission to put in place a solid publicity and advocacy strategy that will counter potential negative comments on the next census and reinforce its desirability as a tool for national development. The Commission is currently sensitizing and educating the populace on why the 2022 Population and Housing Census must hold and its essence, benefits, process and methodology. Truly, the public need to be educated that censuses are conducted, not necessarily to know the aggregate population figure, important as it is, but, primarily, to lay bare the demographic composition of the data so as to equip governments with relevant tools and data for planning and policy formulation for sustainable development. They should know that population census has the housing component which provides crucial information on the living standard of the country’s inhabitants. They should be made to understand that census data provides raw information on how many people are educated, hence the literacy level, how many are unemployed, how many have roof over their heads and the dependency ratio, among other information. They should know the importance of census data in planning for infrastructural development, anti-corruption, economic reforms and social welfare programmes. Knowledge of the essence and importance of census will make them support and accept census outcome.
The Commission is emphasizing on the desirability of the next census to address security challenges in the country so that some concerned stakeholders should stop using insecurity as a reason to call for cancellation of the next census. The Commission is making every effort to educate the public that solution to the security challenges bedeviling the country is not to call for census postponement but rather to support the conduct of the next census to get accurate and reliable data to tackle insecurity in the country. Chairman of the National Population Commission, Hon. Nasir Isa Kwarra stressed on this during his recent advocacy visit to Borno State. Understanding of this will make the public support and accept 2022 census to be able to get evidence-based information to solve the security challenges.
The Commission is making it known to the public the quantity and quality arrangements it has put in place to ensure the accuracy, reliability and acceptability of the next census. The Commission has made concerted efforts to let Nigerians understand the 2022 census process and procedure. In fact, the Commission has assured Nigerians that no resident in the country will be left out in the 2022 Population and Housing Census including those in the IDP camps. People are being sensitized on the 2022 census methodology, so that they will know that the 2022 census questionnaire has provision for follow up questions that will link information on Internally Displaced Persons to their usual place of residence. The knowledge of this will allay the fears of some stakeholders that are worried about their people being undercounted in the next census due to insurgency that has displaced majority of them. This will reinforce the national acceptance of the next census figures.
The Commission is seeking to combat misconception and misrepresentation that have encouraged the criticisms of past census figures by enlightening the public on the correct facts and information. It is educating the public on politicization and misrepresentation of the census process, demographic principles and census administrative units. The Commission is enlightening the people on the institutional structure of the National Population Commission in terms of representation of every state and FCT on the board of the Commission that makes sectional manipulation of the census outcomes unlikely. Also, the understanding of the broad base international support and involvement of development partners in the design, preparations and conduct of the 2022 Population and Housing Census will inspire public confidence in the census process and outcomes.
The Commission is making considerable efforts to let the public know the level of preparations it has put in place for the next Population and Housing Census. It is educating the public on the meticulous, professional and scientifically methods and technologies being deployed for the census activities – the use of very high-resolution satellite imageries to capture all the building structures in the country, the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) for geo-referencing, the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) for data management, the use of Personal Data Assistants (handheld devices/tablets) that include computer software for data capture. The Commission has successfully completed Enumeration Area Demarcation in the 772 LGAs with only 2 LGAs remaining and has carried out 1st and 2nd Census Pre-test in the selected Enumeration Areas in the 36 States of the Federation and FCT. The Commission has also conducted Census Data Users Workshops to generate broad-based inputs into the design of census questionnaire. These activities are being implemented along with extensive stakeholders’ engagement and consultations as well as media campaign in order to forge broad national acceptance and consensus for the next census. The outcomes of these preparatory activities are re-assuring that the Commission is on course in its mission of delivering accurate census that will meet global acceptance standard.
So, sensitization and public enlightenment on the need for the next census will elicit public goodwill and support which will lead to the acceptability of the census result. However, Census taking is a huge investment and a national project that requires understanding, cooperation, and support of all Nigerians and beyond. The task of mobilizing Nigerians on this sensitive and important national assignment cannot be left to the National Population Commission alone. The support and cooperation of the State and Local Government especially traditional rulers who are the closest to the people at the grassroot to use their good offices to mobilize and sensitize their subjects on the need to support the next census is highly needed. It is good to note that the Chairman of the National Population Commission, Hon. Nasir Isa Kwarra has started advocacy tours to State Governors and other stakeholders to galvanize support and mobilize the masses for the next census but more publicity and advocacy still need to be done to enhance the acceptability of the 2022 Census. The Commission must convince the populace to have confidence in the next census and accept the census data. Definitely, this is not an easy task, but one task that must be done for the Commission to deliver a credible and reliable census that will be globally acceptable.
Stanley O. Nwosu, is a Political Economist, Development Expert and Principal Public Affairs Officer in the National Population Commission
Featured
How Ogundiya Folarin Oladapo Crossed The Border For Safety
Ogundiya Folarin Oladapo. Is a Nigerian citizen from Ijebu North Local Government Area of Ogun State. Ago Iwoye, a relative, spoke to our reporter extensively about the whereabouts of Ogundiya and the circumstances that compelled him to flee the country and why he may be scared to return.
According to Mr Iwoye, Ogundiya was faced with persecution and threats to his life owing to his sexual orientation. He was born and raised in Ogun State, Nigeria. He grew up in an environment where family, community, culture and religious beliefs played important roles in everyday life. Ogundiya had always considered his hometown a place of belonging. His family, childhood experiences, friendships and memories were all connected to that environment.
Ogundiya is a quiet, simple and easy-going person. He had never been someone who enjoys conflict or confrontation. His greatest desire was to live an ordinary life, maintain meaningful relationships and build a future for himself.
However, there is a deeply personal aspect of his identity that has made living in Nigeria extremely difficult for him. He is a bisexual. Yes! I don’t think he chose to be so. And it is not something he can simply change because of the expectations of society. His sexual orientation is part of who he is.
Growing up in Nigeria, he understood that same-sex relationships were strongly condemned by many people. He knew that being identified as a gay or a bisexual could result in discrimination, rejection, humiliation, violence and serious legal consequences.
For these reasons, Ogundiya, I presumed, kept his sexuality private. He did not feel safe openly discussing his feelings or relationships. He was constantly conscious of the possible consequences if people discover this aspect of his life.
He was not hiding because he was ashamed of being human. He was hiding because he was afraid of what people might do if they found out.
On 21st September 2026, his life took a frightening turn. His mobile phone was faulty and he needed to make some important calls, so he took his younger brother’s phone, to make a call to his work place, but unfortunately the first message that popped in was that of his partner who had been worried for not reaching him for some days and wanted to pass an important message to him, his brother saw the message first and all the doubt about his sexually orientation was cleared as he has been so suspicious of Ogundiya for some time because of his closeness to his partner whom they always disguised as friends. He immediately reported to other members of his family. Part of the message read:
“Guy, we are in big trouble. Our romantic secret is now public. Someone was monitoring us. Please, stay in the dark for now.”
When he received and understood the seriousness of that message, he became extremely worried. It suggested that someone had been monitoring their private relationship and that information about them had reached other people.
What he had spent a long time keeping private was suddenly exposed.
The discovery also came as a shock to his family because they had not previously known about his bisexuality. He was frightened about their reaction and, more importantly, about the possibility that other people in the community would find out.
The situation quickly escalated, because his brother told one of his friends who also told other people in their small community. Surprisingly, a group of people gathered around his family residence, demanding to see Ogundiya, they were angry about his sexuality and were making threatening statements.
He could hear people saying he is gay and calling for his punishment. Some were demanding that he should be killed through mob justice, while others were threatening to hand him over to the police for prosecution.
At that moment, Ogundiya realised that his life was in danger.
He was terrified when he realised that the people gathering outside were looking for him.
He could not confidently rely on anyone to protect him and he knew that remaining inside the house could expose him to serious harm.
In the confusion, Ogundiya managed to escape through a latrine window and made his way into the nearby alleyways.
He left without shoes and sustained bruises during his escape; no opportunity to collect his belongings or make any proper arrangements. The only important things he managed to take with him were his passport and a small envelope containing some emergency money.
As he moved away from the house, people were shouting accusations and threatening to deal with him because of his sexuality, some of their allegations were that if he is allowed to stay alive that he will influence younger people in the community. “As for me, as his relative, I can’t contribute to harming him because I didn’t create him.” Owoye said.
Ogundiya was deeply frightened. He could not believe that the place where he had grown up and lived with his family had suddenly become somewhere he could no longer feel safe.
He had not committed any act of violence against anybody. He was being threatened because of his sexual orientation and a private relationship. But to be honest, both our tradition and the government law forbid such practices among men. Even women are forbidden to indulge in same sex relations, it is a grievous taboo and it could attract serious consequences such as death, Iwoye said.
“The possibility of being attacked by a mob was particularly frightening because he knew how such situations could become uncontrollable. He was also afraid of being arrested and prosecuted under Nigeria’s laws concerning same-sex relationships.”
But the public may want to know how he fled the country? I can only attribute it to divine powers. Because all of us are sinners. Maybe the Almighty God has not finished with him.
However, Ogundiya told me that initially, he considered relocating to another state in Nigeria. He thought that perhaps moving far away from Ogun State would allow him to start again without the people who had threatened him knowing where he was.
However, the more he considered this option, the more afraid he became.His concern was that the hostility towards people with his sexual orientation was not limited to his hometown. He feared that he could face similar treatment elsewhere if his sexuality became known.
He was also worried about the legal consequences of being identified as bisexual and the possibility of being reported to the authorities.
He did not believe that simply moving to another state would provide lasting protection. He could potentially spend the rest of his life hiding his identity, avoiding relationships and constantly worrying about being discovered.
He, therefore, began looking for a way to leave Nigeria.
His decision was not motivated by a desire to abandon his family, culture or country. He left because he was afraid for his life and believed that remaining in Nigeria would expose him to further persecution.
Because he had limited resources and did not know how to arrange a safe journey out of Nigeria, he began looking for assistance.
During this period, he came into contact with a man named Chinedu, who was from the eastern part of Nigeria.
He told him that he could facilitate his movement across the border into a neighbouring country. He demanded a substantial amount of money for the journey and assured Ogundiya that he could help him get across.
He was desperate to leave Nigeria. He was frightened, vulnerable and had very few alternatives. He eventually paid the amount he requested because he believed that Chinedu would help him reach safely.
Unfortunately, the journey did not turn out as he had expected.
At some point during the journey, he was taken to a rural transit camp. The location was unfamiliar to him and he had limited access to money, communication and independent means of travelling.
Ogundiya became increasingly dependent on Chinedu because he did not know the area or how to continue the journey alone.
It was during this period that Chinedu allegedly began taking advantage of his vulnerability.
He experienced sexual molestation, physical coercion and intimidation. Ogundiya was subjected to unwanted advances and pressure, accompanied by threats that he could be abandoned or handed over to local police or hostile individuals.
He felt completely helpless. The person he had trusted to help him escape danger had become another source of danger.
He was particularly frightened because he had already experienced threats in Nigeria and did not want to find himself in another situation where his sexuality could be used against him.
The experience affected Ogundiya deeply. He felt violated, humiliated and emotionally overwhelmed. He found it difficult to speak about what had happened because of the shame and fear associated with the experience.
He had left his home in search of safety, but he found himself being exploited by someone who knew how desperate he was.
Eventually, he found an opportunity to escape from the transit camp.
He left during the night and began walking along isolated dirt roads. He did not have a reliable means of transportation, and he was uncertain about where the roads would lead.
He continued walking because he was afraid of being discovered and taken back.
After walking for several miles, he eventually reached a major humanitarian post near the border. By then, he was physically exhausted and visibly distressed.
He stopped to rest because he was struggling to continue walking.
He was pale, tired and emotionally drained. He had experienced more than he could easily explain, and he desperately needed assistance.
While he was resting near the humanitarian post, a Nigerian man travelling by car towards the neighbouring country noticed him.
He stopped his vehicle and approached Ogundiya. He introduced himself as Olamide, a Yoruba man from Osun State.
Initially, Ogundiya was afraid to speak to him. After his last experience with Chinedu, he found it difficult to trust another stranger.
However, when he discovered that Olamide was also Yoruba, he became a little more comfortable.
Eventually, he explained what had happened to him to Olamide. He told him about the threats against him in Ogun State, the circumstances surrounding his escape from home, his journey with Chinedu and the exploitation he had experienced at the transit camp.
Ogundiya became emotional while explaining everything because the experience had been extremely traumatic.
Olamide listened to him and appeared deeply affected by his account.
Olamide told Ogundiya that his circumstances reminded him of his younger biological brother, who had reportedly experienced a similar situation after his bisexuality became known.
He explained that his brother had narrowly escaped mob violence and had subsequently been assisted in travelling to Europe because of fears of persecution and prosecution in Nigeria.
Olamide introduced himself as a member of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and said he would try to assist Ogundiya in finding safety abroad.
He promised to help arrange his journey to Europe, where he could seek protection and have an opportunity to rebuild his life.
At that point, he was emotionally exhausted and uncertain about what would happen next. However, his offer gave Ogundiya some hope that he might finally escape the circumstances that had placed his life in danger.
A few weeks after meeting Olamide, he fulfilled his promise and arranged for Ogundiya to travel to Dublin, Ireland.
His arrival in Ireland was a significant moment in his life. He had gone through fear, uncertainty, threats, exploitation and a difficult journey before eventually reaching a place where he could seek protection.
He was relieved to have reached Ireland, although the experiences he had gone through continued to affect him emotionally.
He is afraid to return to Nigeria because the circumstances that forced him to leave have not been resolved.
His sexuality was exposed in his community, and he was threatened by people who wanted to punish him because of it.
He fears that if he returns, he could be recognised, exposed again or subjected to further threats and violence.
Ogundiya is also afraid of the possibility of being reported to the police and facing prosecution under the laws criminalising same-sex relationships and conduct.
The experience of escaping from his family home remains deeply distressing. He remembered having to leave through the window, without shoes or belongings, because he feared what the people outside might do to him
He also cannot forget the exploitation he experienced during his journey. He had trusted someone because he was desperate to escape persecution, only to find himself in another frightening situation.
These experiences have made him fearful of returning to the circumstances from which he escaped.
He did not believe that moving to another part of Nigeria would necessarily resolve his difficulties. His concern is that the underlying hostility and legal risks associated with his sexual orientation would remain.
He wanted to live in a place where he could exist without constantly fearing that his identity would become a reason for violence, humiliation or imprisonment.
He did not leave Nigeria because he wanted to abandon his country or because he was looking for an easier life elsewhere.
He left because he was frightened for his safety and believed that he had no realistic way of protecting himself in the circumstances he faced.
He lost the security of his home, became separated from the people and surroundings he had known throughout his life, and experienced further exploitation while trying to escape.
The journey to Ireland was difficult, but it offered him an opportunity to seek protection and live with dignity.
He respectfully asks the Irish authorities to consider his circumstances, the threats he experienced, his sexual orientation, the circumstances of his departure from Nigeria and his genuine fear of returning.
He wanted an opportunity to rebuild his life without having to hide who he is or live under the constant threat of violence and persecution.
What can one do? Here in Nigeria, same sex relationships are prohibited and myself and others of his relatives wish that he lives his life as his God created him. Ogundiya had wanted a simple life without fear or threat of prosecution.
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